As per 2011 Census, Himachal Pradesh has a population of 68.65 lakh, with a fairly balanced gender ratio  of 972 females per 1,000 males, and an urbanisation rate of 10%. The state boasts a high literacy rate of 93.3%, higher than the national average of 74%, contributing to a skilled and trainable workforce. The unemployment rate dropped to 5.4% in 2023–24, reflecting improving employment conditions. 

State's large youth population in rural areas is a key driver for self-employment and entrepreneurship schemes like the Mukhya Mantri Swavalamban Yojana, while women-centric schemes support greater female participation in the workforce.

Himachal Pradesh has a well-established public health infrastructure with 115 Civil Hospitals, 106 Community Health Centres, 585 Primary Health Centers, 24 Employees State Insurance (ESI) Civil Dispensaries and 2,114 Health Sub Centres to deliver curative, preventive, and rehabilitative services.  The state also hosts 125 AYUSH Health Infrastructure facilities along with a new bulk drug park upcoming in Una district.

The overall life expectancy rose from 72.9 years in 2014-18 to 73.5 years in 2016-20. The Infant Mortality Rate (IMR), Under-5 Mortality Rate (U5MR), and Neonatal Mortality Rate (NNMR) in Himachal Pradesh have been declining, indicating an improvement in child health. The IMR decreased from 36 per 1000 live births in 2005- 06 to 25.6 per 1000 live births in 2019-21. Similarly, the U5MR dropped from 42 to 28.9 during the same period.

Himachal Pradesh has a focus on education, access as there are large number of schools and colleges in the public sector. There are 9,943 Primary Schools, 1,786 Middle Schools, 961 High Schools, and 1,988 Senior Secondary Schools catering to students across the State. Additionally, government runs 145 Degree Colleges. 

With a high literacy rate of 93.3%, Himachal emphasises inclusive and quality education through initiatives like smart classrooms, digital learning platforms, NEP-aligned curricula, and targeted schemes for girls and unemployed youth. Government programs also provide free uniforms, textbooks, and mid-day meals to boost access and retention.

To promote IT investments, two Software Technology Parks of India (STPI) are being established in the state.

One STPI is being setup in Shimla and the other in Kangra. The State is also enhancing connectivity with the 4G Saturation Project, establishing IT incubation centers and fostering investment in technology.

Himachal Pradesh has 60 industrial areas and 17 industrial estates and offers market access to over 300 Mn customers (25% of the population of India). The state supported the development of Cremica Food Park through private sector participation. With abundant raw materials and better connectivity, the state government envisages the development of more food parks. New industrial parks have been proposed at various locations, such as Integrated Industrial Township and Software Technology Park at Kangra, Integrated Industrial Township under MIIUS, Mega Food Park under Mega Food Park Scheme, Mega Textile Park at Una, Biotechnology Park at Aduwal and Bulk Drug Park at Una, Medical Devices Park in Solan, and Software Technology Park at Mehli.

In the absence of any other viable modes of transportation, roads play a vital role in Himachal Pradesh. Starting almost from scratch, the state government has constructed 41,975 kilometres of motorable roads until December 2023. The state also has 19 national highways, with a length of 2,576 kilometres. The National Highway Authority of India is also developing a 785-kilometer-long, four-lane stretch. The passenger transport services, within and outside the state, are provided by Himachal Road Transport Corporation with a fleet strength of 3,059 buses, 110 electric buses, 38 taxis, 50 electric taxis, and 12 tempo travellers.

The state also has airports in Shimla, Kullu, and Kangra. A greenfield airport in Nagchala, Mandi, is also proposed. Additionally, five heliports are being developed to boost tourism in the state.

Himachal Pradesh holds 25% of India’s hydropower potential with 24,000 MW capacity, of which 11,290 MW is harnessed. In FY 2024–25, it commissioned five hydro projects adding 40 MW and three solar projects generating 50 MU. The state targets ~2,000 MW of solar power, equal to about a quarter of its consumption.

Himachal is also advancing green hydrogen, compressed biogas, and geothermal energy, with a 1 MW hydrogen plant and a 2 TPD CBG plant underway. Backed by the Green Energy Corridor and smart metering under RDSS, these efforts reflect its push for a clean and future-ready energy system.

Environmental sustainability is another priority. In 2024–25, over 6,700 hectares were afforested and 2,061 Van Mitras engaged in forest management. Climate-resilient projects worth ₹1,750 crore, supported by KfW, JICA, and the World Bank, are enhancing ecosystems and rural livelihoods. The state enforces a strict plastic ban, collecting over 29,000 kg under a buy-back policy, and is developing 19 Eco Villages, 245 trekking routes, and district Climate Action Plans.

Himachal also aims to become a model EV state. In partnership with Indian Oil and BPCL, 107 charging stations are being set up across the state.