As per the Population Census 2011, the State population was 11.24 crore which was 9.3% of the total population of India. Maharashtra is the second largest State in the country in terms of size of population after Uttar Pradesh.

The state boasts a female-male ratio of 929 and an urbanisation rate of approximately 45.2%. With a worker population ratio of 44%, Maharashtra possesses a strong demographic advantage since ~46% of the population is less than 24 years of age, making the state an attractive destination with a young workforce.

According to the Population Census 2011, the total workers in the State were 4.94 crore, out of which 4.38 crore were main workers and 0.57 crore were marginal workers. The proportion of female in main workers was 31.5% and that in marginal workers was 53.6%. The Work Participation Rate (WPR) for India was 39.8% whereas, it was 44% for the State.

Maharashtra provides comprehensive healthcare services through 19 district hospitals, 101 sub-district hospitals, 10,765 sub-centres, 1,936 primary health centres, 367 community health centres, and 32 hospitals attached to medical colleges.

To strengthen medical facilities, the state has integrated Ayurveda, Yoga & Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homoeopathy (AYUSH) into mainstream healthcare. Maharashtra has 1,99,998 registered allopathic doctors, 1,14,432 Ayurveda doctors, 9,726 Unani doctors, and 88,528 Homeopathy doctors, resulting in a doctor-to-population ratio of 1:343.

The Pradhan Mantri Ayushman Bharat Health Infrastructure Mission has been implemented in Maharashtra since October 2021 to upgrade public health services across primary, secondary, and tertiary care levels. In addition, the National Urban Health Mission (NUHM) is operational in 98 cities of the state, addressing the healthcare needs of urban populations, particularly slum dwellers and other marginalized groups in towns and cities with a population of over 50,000.

Maharashtra, with a literacy rate of around 82%, has made significant progress in education and skill development. The state has played a pioneering role in shaping modern education in India, today, it has 1,04,499 primary schools and 28,986 secondary and higher secondary schools. According to the All-India Survey of Higher Education 2022–23, Maharashtra is home to 78 universities, 5,725 colleges, and 2,182 stand-alone institutions, with a total enrollment of more than 46.2 lakh students.

To strengthen employment opportunities and promote self-reliance, the state has set up 44 Skill Development, Employment and Entrepreneurship Guidance Centres, including 36 at the district level and eight dedicated to tribal candidates. The government also runs dedicated employment promotion programmes such as on-the-job and practical training for educated unemployed individuals, apprenticeship training to provide skilled manpower to industries, and entrepreneurial development training to encourage and prepare youth for self-employment.

Maharashtra is home to top institutes like the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, the Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Symbiosis, etc., which offer plenty of research and technical courses for students across the country. The state is one of the innovation hubs of India.

Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation, City and Industrial Development Corporation, and Software Technology Parks of India have developed 37 public IT parks with an investment of about Rs 18,000 crore. Since the inception of IT and ITES policy, up to the end of October 2022, in all, 577 private IT parks have been approved, which are located in Pune (203), Mumbai city & Mumbai suburban (186), Thane (172), Nagpur (5), Nashik (5), Aurangabad (4), Wardha (1), and Raigad (1) districts. The state government has also introduced an electronics policy to primarily develop a competitive ecosystem for electronic manufacturing in the state, including semiconductors.

For setting up new research and technology transfer centers in the country, Maharashtra is the first State in the country to receive a grant of ₹20 crore. With the objective of developing research capacity and initiating research projects to ensure expansion, commercialisation or technology transfer of industries, six centers for technology development and technology transfer were set up in six State universities.

Maharashtra is one of India’s most connected states, with two major ports, 48 minor ports, 13 airports (including five international), and 6,242 km of railway routes that account for 9.2% of the national network. The state also has India’s largest road network, linking major industrial hubs such as Mumbai and Aurangabad.

The Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DMIC), spanning six states and 1,504 km, is a major driver of growth in Maharashtra. As part of this, the Shendra-Bidkin Industrial Area (AURIC) is being developed as a 10,000-acre greenfield township with world-class plug-and-play infrastructure. As of November 2024, it has already attracted investments worth ₹60,376 crore.

Industrial infrastructure is further supported by the Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation (MIDC), which manages 292 industrial complexes across more than 1.01 lakh hectares. With the largest water supply network in Asia, dedicated electricity feeders, and specialized parks for food, textiles, IT, floriculture, wine, and more, MIDC continues to expand with 15 new industrial areas under development.

Maharashtra has a renewable energy potential of 1,68,419 MW, and as of March 2025, the state’s installed renewable energy capacity stood at 13,658 MW, making it an attractive destination for investments in the renewable energy sector.

The Government of Maharashtra has also signed an MoU with NTPC Green Energy Limited to develop green hydrogen projects, with a projected investment of over ₹80,000 crore over the next five years.

The Maharashtra Tourism Policy 2024 has been announced with a focus on positioning the state as a preferred, sustainable, and globally recognised tourist destination. Similarly, the Integrated and Sustainable Textile Policy 2023–2028 is being implemented to drive the evolution and growth of Maharashtra’s textile industry.