Solutions for Technology Transfer for Covid-19 Relief

Technology provider: Tata Consulting Engineers

Tata Consulting Engineers (TCE) Limited created a DIY Oxygen Concentrator using Oxikit Open Source for India. Oxikit offers 24 LPM with 92% concentration and has a lifespan of two-three years with 24/7 functionality. The main components of the Oxikit are: 

Specifications

• Air compressor
  • Brand: GAHL
  • Model:GA750-3-90L
  • Power: 2.25KW/3HP ; Voltage: 240V/50Hz
  • Exhaust Volume: 405L/Min / 14.3 CFM
  • Maximum Working Pressure: 8 Bar / 116 Psi
  • Noise ≤70dB ; Tank Capacity: 90L
• Cooling coil
  • 2 nos. , Material = Copper
  • Diameter of Coil = OD 10 mm
  • ID = 100 mm Height = 570 mm
• Dryer
  • Silica gel Dryer
  • Silica weight = 2 kg
• Molecular sieve / Zeolite
  • Zeolite 13X:
  • Brand – Nitroxy5 (ARKEMA)
  • Diameter : 0.4-0.9mm
  • Sodium based zeolite
  • Quantity – 3.2 Kg
• Solenoid Valves
  • As per BOM

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Technology provider: Indian Space Research Organisation

VSSC/ISRO has developed a portable Medical Oxygen Concentrator (MOC) named ‘SHWAAS’ (श्वास) which can deliver enriched level (>95%) of oxygen than in air to support patients with respiratory illness or who are on oxygen therapy. The device enhances the oxygen gas content by selectively separating the nitrogen gas from ambient air through Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA). SHWAAS is capable of supplying enriched oxygen continuously @10 LPM adequate for two patients at a time.

Specifications

• Rated power: 600 Watt
• Operating voltage: 220 V/ 50 Hz
• Oxygen flow: 0.5 – 10 LPM (Controllable)
• No. of Oxygen Outlets: 2
• Oxygen concentration: 82 % minimum (95% Nominal)
• Outlet Oxygen pressure: 50 – 80 kPa
• Alarm: Audible alarm for low purity, low & high levels of Pressure and Flow rate of Oxygen
• Noise: ≤ 60 dB
• Net weight: 42-44 kg
• Dimensions: 600 mm H x 500 mm L x 400 mm W
• LCD display: Oxygen Concentration, Flow rate, Pressure

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Technology provider: National Research Development Cooperation 

NavRakshak, the technical know-how offers a suit consisting of headgear, face mask, gown, and shoe covers. The fabric material used is non-woven SSMMS (Spunbound-Spunbound-MeltboundMeltbound-Spunbound) of 51 GSM density and available in two variants (single-ply or two-ply). This technical know-how on offer aims to meet the shortfall in the availability of standard quality PPE in the country.

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Technology provider: Defence Research and Development Organisation

• An automated portable device called Ozonated Radical Confined Space (ORCS) Disinfection Unit has been developed to support enhanced cleaning and sanitization of confined spaces. 
• Ozone treatment of confined space at lower concentration can neutralize Corona Virus. The device uses optimal concentrations of Ozonated Fog which are dispersed after getting mixed with Radical dispensing solution ensuring sanitization of Confined Space. 
• ORCS Disinfection Unit produces such aqueous fog, spreads 360⁰ and able to disinfect a room of 12 X 12 X 10 ft in less than 20 minutes. The spread of Ozonated fog is fast and it reaches multiple penetration zones otherwise inaccessible to UV-C radiation which is also a method of Confined Space Sterilization.
• The device uses 67% lesser than human permissible values of ozone (0.1 ppm x 8 h) as per OSHA 1999:1000 standard. It supports cold sanitization/sterilization process thus no issues of heating of confined Space or any surface.
• It is ideal equipment for home, health care unit, office, hotels, rail /metro /ship /air coaches, clinics, cars, ambulance for daily sanitization.  
• The product is being mass-produced by identified industrial partner.

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Technology provider: Defence Research and Development Organisation

UV Blaster – Area UV Disinfection System

• A UV Disinfection Tower called as “UV Blaster” is developed.
• The equipment may be used for rapid and chemical-free disinfection of office spaces and buildings. As stated earlier, UV treatment is proven to reduce air and surface contamination up to 99.99%.
• Based on the studies of the UV dose on COVID-19 is not available. However, from the studies of the effect of UV-C radiation on other Corona family of viruses like SARS & MERS, the UV-C dose for 99.9% disinfection of COVID-19 is deducted as 30 mJ/cm2. 
• It is remotely operated through laptop/mobile phone using a wi-fi link
• UV-C Power: 
  • 6 lamps each with 43 Watts of UV-C power at 254 nm wavelength arranged for 360 deg. Illumination.
  • UV intensity at 2 m distance is 0.4 mW/cm2.
• Disinfection Time: 
  • ~10 minutes for a room of ~ 12 ft x 12 ft dimension. 
  • ~30 minutes for 400 ft2 (by positioning equipment at different locations within the room).
• Safety Feature: 
  • Automatic switch off on accidental opening of room/human intervention.
  • Key to arm operation.
• It costs around INR 1.5 Lakh per unit for an order quantity of two units, The cost may come down to less than INR 80,000/- for reasonable numbers. 

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Technology provider: Defence Research and Development Organisation

Mobile Virology Research and Diagnostics Laboratory (MVRDL)

• RCI, DRDO developed first of its kind mobile lab called MVRDL in India to speed up the COVID-19 screening and R&D activities. It was conceptualized on April 06 and all activities have been completed by 20 April i.e. 15 days.
• One number of MVRDL has been dedicated to the Nation by Honorable Raksha Mantri on 23 April 2020
• DRDO in consortium with ESIC Medical College, Hyderabad team configured a combination of two modules. One Bio-Safety Level 3 (BSL-3) lab and another one Bio-Safety Level 2 (BSL-2) labs are connected to carry out the virology research and diagnostic activities.
• The test laboratories are expected to carry out the following activities:
  • Conduct diagnostic test for COVID-19, real-time Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (rRT-PCR) Test
  • Virus culturing for drug screening, convalescent plasma-derived therapy
  • Aid in the development of a vaccine
  • Development of diagnostics kits
• This can be positioned anywhere due to mobile shelter-based configuration
• The entire area is conditioned with an HVAC system with a design of 100% fresh air ensuring no re-circulation. Room temperature of 24±40C is maintained, relative humidity is maintained at less than 60% as per specifications of BSL-3 and BSL-2 labs. The labs are built as per WHO and ICMR bio-safety standards to meet the international guidelines.
• The system is equipped with access control, LAN, telephone cabling, and CCTV. A fire alarm system is provided to ensure fire safety. The system has built-in furniture and is equipped with pass boxes for the transfer of samples from containers to other containers. Personnel protective equipment is provided for personnel to cross over the box.

Other applications of the laboratory:

• It can enable the test services at remote places
• The laboratory will enable extensive research on the identification of viruses and identification of other agents causing morbidity significant to public health
• It will enable the researchers and medical practitioners to undertake research activities and develop diagnostics assays and therapeutics
• To understand and conduct surveillance of existing as well as new viruses.
• To develop diagnostic kits

The laboratory is designed to carry out the following activities:

• The laboratory screens 1000-2000 samples per day
• Drug screening
• Therapeutics - Convalescent Plasma therapy, Therapeutic value of milk exosomes for COVID-19, Stem cell therapy to reduce inflammation and fibrosis
• COVID-19 Diagnostics - Covid i-Chip, IgG/IgG, Single Tube PCR test, Direct sequencing of coronaviruses from clinical specimens
• Vaccine Development - Comprehensive immunity profiling of COVID-19 patients towards vaccine design and early clinical trials specific to the Indian population.

Industry Partners

• M/s iCOMM, Hyderabad identified for building shelters
• M/s iClean, Hyderabad, a company with years of experience in building containment facilities augmented the laboratory with required safety levels

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Technology provider: Defence Research and Development Organisation

Sewak - DRDO Robot For Keeping Hospital Staff Safe

• A team of scientists at CAIR, DRDO has quickly customized one of its robotic solutions to come up with a cost-effective robot within a week. The robot is named Sewak.
• Sewak can be a safe alternative for the hospital staff like medical professionals and health workers taking care of the COVID-19 patients in the quarantine centres and hospitals.
• Sewak can be teleoperated by the hospital staff from a remote location to navigate the robot in the quarantine zone and distribute food, water, medicine etc. to the affected persons.
• The operational distance is about 30-50m (can be extended). The robot gets power from maintenance-free rechargeable batteries and can work continuously for 5 hours on a full charge. It has a capacity of 30 kgs.
• A video camera fitted in the front helps to navigate to the patient’s bed.
• The audio facility provided in the robot facilitates two-way communication between the patient and the hospital staff. This will help the hospital staff communicate with the patient to understand his/her health condition and the recovery he/she is making, explain the dosage of the medicines and comfort the patient. 
• All this is possible while the hospital staff is positioned in a safe zone while the robot moves inside the quarantined zone. This eliminates the risks of exposure of the infection to the frontline workers while taking care of the needs of the patients.
• Video conferencing ability between patient and healthcare professionals is being built to provide video link between patients and hospital staff.

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Technology provider: Indian Space Research Organisation

ISRO Critical Care Ventilator- VaU

VSSC/ISRO has developed an ICU grade positive pressure mechanical ventilator titled ‘VaU’, (abbreviation of Ventilation assist Unit), which can assist or replace the spontaneous breathing in patients under respiratory distress. 

VaU is based on a centrifugal blower that draws in filtered ambient air, compresses it and delivers it to the patient to achieve ventilation and can therefore operate without a compressed pneumatic source. Provision is also given in the ventilator to connect a high-pressure oxygen source, from which oxygen is metered automatically, to achieve the desired oxygen concentration (FiO2) in the inspiratory flow. The microcontroller-based control module in the ventilator acquires signals from an array of sensors and commands the electro-pneumatic components to effect closed-loop control. 

VaU also comes with an intuitive Human Machine Interface (HMI) System running on a medical-grade touch screen PC, which allows the operator to set and monitor various ventilation parameters in real-time. A power supply unit, which can operate with 230VAC or an internal battery pack, is used to power the electro-pneumatic components, controller, and the HMI system of the ventilator. VaU has been configured to operate in a variety of patient/ventilator triggered invasive and non-invasive ventilation modes and has provisions to detect fault conditions and raise alarms through the HMI system to alert the operator. 

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Technology provider: Indian Space Research Organisation

ISRO Non-invasive Ventilator-SVASTA

VSSC/ISRO has developed a gas-powered ventilator – ‘Space Ventilator Aided System for Trauma Assistance (SVASTA)’ - for basic mode for non-invasive ventilation. This ventilator is well suited for emergency use for first-line treatment and as transit ventilators inside vehicles. The basic design is simple, and the components can be easily mass-produced for emergency use in pandemic-like situations.

The innovative ventilator runs on compressed air. It is able to perform various ventilation conditions using manual mechanical settings. The system is capable of pressure control ventilation (PCV) in its basic mode of operation with the provision for setting different tidal volumes. The basic ventilator design can be re-engineered appropriately by the manufacturer to cater to various modes of ventilation with control systems, electronics, and associated software.

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Technology provider: Indian Space Research Organisation

ISRO Critical Care Ventilator- PRANA

VSSC/ISRO has developed a low-cost and portable critical care ventilator named ‘PRANA’ - “Programmable Respiratory Assistance for the Needy Aid”. The ventilator is based on the automated compression of an AMBU bag. The system has a sophisticated control system that includes an airway pressure sensor, flow sensor, oxygen sensor, servo actuator as well as expiration and PEEP control valves. The clinicians can select the ventilation mode and set the required parameters through a touch screen panel and monitor various parameters like pressure, flow, tidal volume, oxygen concentration, etc. on the same screen. The ventilator can deliver the required flow of oxygen-air mixture to the patient’s lung at the desired rate set by the clinicians. It has a provision to attach external battery for backup during power failure.

PRANA supports both invasive and non-invasive ventilation modes and is capable of giving mandatory breaths (controlled by ventilator) as well as spontaneous breaths (controlled by the patient). A robust algorithm for controlled and safe ventilation of the patient is implemented which raises alarm and opens safety valves to prevent barotrauma, asphyxia, and apnea during the ventilation. An alarm is also raised in case of wrong or improper connection of the ventilation circuit or inadvertent disconnection of the hose or sensors. There are also provisions to attach bacterial viral filters at each interface to prevent cross-infection and the contamination of air.

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